ROS1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: <h4>Background</h4>Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPi) has become a major treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and demonstrated a clinical benefit for NSCLC patients with high programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression without <i>EGFR/ALK/ROS1</i> drivers; however, the benefit in <i>BRAF</i> V600E NSCLC is so far unknown.