The stratified analysis showed that SNAIL1 genotypes (rs4647958) are associated with the development of a more aggressive form of HCC in non-smokers, ZEB2 genotypes (rs3806475) are associated with increased risk of HCC development in non-drinkers, and TWIST1 genotypes (rs3806475) are associated with increased risk of CHB and LC. Here, SNAI1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.