These investigations regarding the RAGE axis were extended to human subjects with obesity or morbid obesity, in which case subcutaneous and omental adipose tissues (SAT and OAT, respectively) were obtained at the time of bariatric surgery and experiments were performed to determine if there associations between AGER mRNA expression and markers of immunometabolic perturbations. Here, AGER is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.