NLRP3 deficiency in NOD mice was found to reduce T cell activation and Th1 differentiation, as well as reducing T cell expression of both the chemokines CCR5 and CXCR3, and ccl5 and cxcl10 gene expression from the islet β-cells, resulting in poor T cell chemotaxis into the islets and protection from T1D development (54). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.