Similarly, there was no statistical difference of PU.1 mRNA expression in peripheral non-specific Th9 cells between CHB patients and hepatitis B-related HCC patients (P=0.587, SNK-q test, Figure 6C), or in liver-infiltrating non-specific Th9 cells between non-tumor site and tumor site (P=0.065, SNK-q test, Figure 6C). Here, SPI1 is linked to neoplasm.