SMAD3 and asthma: Interestingly, transcriptomic and epigenetic studies of human and mouse ILC2s showed that these cells were positively correlated with genes known to be responsible for asthma susceptibility (including RORA, Smad3, GATA3, IL13, il18r1, and il1rl1), suggesting that ILC2s are downstream regulators of some susceptibility genes in asthma development (101).