TNF and colitis: It has been reported that baicalein possesses potent anti-inflammatory and anti-colitis effect via suppressing the activity of TNF-α and interleukin IL-1β (He et al., 2015; Luo et al., 2017), as well as inhibiting the expression of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways (Dong et al., 2015), while the wogonin exerts a dramatically preventive effect on colitis-associated cancer with its anti-angiogenesis activity through inhibiting secretion of VEGF and accelerated the degradation of HIF-1α (Song et al., 2013; Sun et al., 2015).