CCL2 and COVID-19: Notably, SARS-Cov-2 causes tissue damage by increasing the TNF-alpha, MCP-1, and interferon-gamma levels modulated through CD147 cells.26 Thus, melatonin may have supportive adjunct activity in treating COVID-19 induced pneumonia, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome through possible CD147 reduction.27 Since melatonin production decreases as we age, and the mortality rate in the elderly with COVID-19 remains high, the use of melatonin and its levels were examined in COVID-19 infection.26,27