For example, interleukin 8 (53), pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin 6 (54, 55), intracellular adhesion molecule 1, and other chemokines are up-regulated due to the interaction between BCG and urothelial cells, and these immune changes promote the interaction between effector cells and tumor cells (31). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and neoplasm.