BAX and renal carcinoma: Flow cytometry indicated a clearly increased apoptosis rate among the renal cancer cells after DUXAP9 knockdown (Figures 3J, K). Furthermore, after DUXAP9 knockdown, Bcl-2 (an anti-apoptosis protein) was markedly decreased, while Bax (a pro-apoptotic protein), cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP were significantly increased, as detected by western blotting (Figure 3L).