Evidence of the TGF-β autocrine loop in monocytes has been documented in the development and homeostasis of alveolar macrophages (35), in the proliferation, cell aggregation, and differentiation of human myelomonocytic U937 leukemia cells (36) (37), in myelofibrotic monocytes of patients with myelofibrosis (38), and so on. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and leukemia.