TGF-β-induced EMT of NSCLC cells was verified by the morphological changes and expression of EMT marker genes E-cadherin (CDH1), N-cadherin (CDH2), fibronectin 1 (FN1), matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-9, and MMP-2 (Supplementary Figs. 1a–f). Here, CDH2 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.