Adjusted estimates revealed that compared with participants in the first ANGPTL8 quartile, those in the fourth ANGPTL8 quartile were more likely to report a higher stage of CKD (relative risk [RR]: 1.33; 95% CI, 1.01–1.74; model 3 in Additional file 1: Table S2), which was consistent with the results in the IPTW model. The gene discussed is ANGPTL8; the disease is chronic kidney disease.