NFKB1 and osteoarthritis: In osteoarthritis, chondrocytes tend to acquire a hypertrophicphenotype, which contributes to the modification of theextracellular matrix, resulting in permanent cartilage changes.In mouse chondrocytes, pro-inflammatory macrophages andpro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to stimulatehypertrophy via the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) pathway.