At the crossroad between Arg and Trp metabolism and their regulatory effects, the two enzymes Arg1 and IDO1 are involved in the secondary control of acute hyperinflammation associated to pathogens infection by an immunoregulatory immunosuppressive effects via either amino acid depletion (as for Arg1) or via the combined effects of immunoregulatory Kyn and signalling activity (as for IDO1) [3, 32]. The gene discussed is ARG1; the disease is infection.