Severe cytokine storms can also lead to renal failure, acute liver injury or cholestasis, and cardiomyopathy.[34] Interferon-γ, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, TNF, and interleukin-18 are key cytokines often considered to have an immunological role in cytokine storms. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is cardiomyopathy.