To elucidate the molecular pathway involved in LF fibrosis, we focused on Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling, as this pathway was previously reported to be involved in fibrosis in various diseases.20 As expected, both the mRNA (Fig. 2a) and protein (Fig. 2b, c) levels of Gli1 and Shh were higher in LF samples from the LSCS group than in those from the LDH group (P < 0.05). Here, GLI1 is linked to Lassa fever.