The effects of IH on plasma glucose and insulin concentrations are summarized in Fig. 1A, B. Irrespective of time, mean glucose levels were significantly greater under IH compared to normoxia in the control group while they were significantly lower under IH compared to normoxia in the OSA group (IH × group interaction, p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.585). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.