Mechanistic studies have shown that p38 directly phosphorylates p53 in response to viral infection and DNA damage caused by either UV radiation or chemotherapy, thereby promoting p53-dependent transcription and apoptosis (108–110), another indication that p38α/β is a favorable target for inhibition in FSHD therapy (91–93). Here, MAPK14 is linked to facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.