In excess 80% of BRAF mutations detected in malignant melanoma are missense mutations, which cause the valine amino acid at position 600 to be substituted to glutamic acid (V600E); 5%-12% are valine to lysine (V600K) and less than 5% are valine to aspartic acid (V600D) or valine to arginine (V600R) [101,102]. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.