For this purpose we stained livers of FVB/N mice harboring cholangiocarcinomas induced by HTV injection of AKT together with activated N-Ras-V12D (AKT/N-Ras), with activated Notch Intracellular Domain (AKT/NICD), or with activated YAP-S127A (AKT/YAP)57,62,64–66. Here, NRAS is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.