INS and diabetes mellitus: Based on these observations that diabetes induces impairment in skeletal muscles, hepatic tissue and other insulin sensitive organs and tissues via the activation of PKR and that inhibition of PKR by IHZ protects these tissues and organs from diabetes induced fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and JNK activation, it is safe to conclude that inhibition of PKR with selective inhibitors could confer protection against the diabetes induced impairments of the insulin sensitive tissues and organs via the inhibition of JNK pathway.