Recent landmark sequencing studies have demonstrated gene expression profiles and somatic mutations such as TP53, CDKN2A, PTEN, PIK3CA, EGFR, HRAS, FBXW7 and NOTCH1 in diverse anatomical sites of HNSCC (Agrawal et al.2011; Stransky et al.2011; Pickering et al.2013; The Cancer Genome Atlas Network 2015). The gene discussed is PIK3CA; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.