Circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines are elevated in patients with COVID-19 and include classical cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a, as well as IL-7, IL-2, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), components of the cytokine release storm.51 Here, TNF is linked to COVID-19.