ACE and lymphopenia: Older age, male gender, black race, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, leukocytosis, anemia, lymphopenia, increase in levels of serum inflammatory markers (D-dimer, PCR, and IL-6), and need for mechanical ventilation and vasoactive drugs as well as the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with a higher risk of AKI development in COVID-19 critical patients (30–40).