With minimal risk of damage to surrounding structures and minimal interference with normal physiological function, the rat tail discs (RTD) were more suitable and feasible for the ANP method to induce IDD (Han et al., 2008; Issy et al., 2013; Grunert et al., 2014; Liao, 2016; Cunha et al., 2017). Here, NPPA is linked to intervertebral disk degenerative disorder.