CD274 and neoplasm: For example, in different preclinical tumor models, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout or siRNA/shRNA/miRNA-mediated silencing of PD-L1 immune checkpoint, in combination with chemotherapy, hyaluronidase, or radiotherapy, promoted an increased T cells activation and tumor infiltration (Cortez et al., 2016; Guan et al., 2019; Wu et al., 2019; Xue et al., 2021).