There were significant differences in CLR according to age (p=0.003), sex (p<0.001), smoking history (p<0.001), BMI (p=0.020), histology (p<0.001), tumor size (p<0.001), TNM stage (p=0.006), serum albumin level (p=0.001), and anemia (p<0.001) when Mann-Whitney U test was applied (Table 3). The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is anemia (phenotype).