The six genes that were related to the microenvironment (COL10A1, COL1A1, MFAP2, PRSS33, PRSS53 and MMP11) showed higher prediction probability in the recurrent DCIS cases, compared to DCIS without recurrence, and these became close to those of the IBC cases (Figure 7, right). Here, COL1A1 is linked to ductal breast carcinoma in situ.