In this study, after investigating the association between different genotypes of PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, we highlighted that people with CC genotype with the odds ratio of 0.48, have 52% lower risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver, while this ratio in CG and GG genotypes were 1.19 and 2.05 respectively, and therefore the probability of developing the disease in those with these genotypes were 19% (CG) and 105% (GG) higher. This evidence concerns the gene PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.