TGFB1 and neoplasm: As a matter of fact, Mariathasan et al had already reported that TGFB blockage significantly improves the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in multiple tumor types 2 years ago.7 The authors discovered that the activation of TGFB signaling pathway was negatively correlated with the immunotherapeutic response in metastatic urothelial cancer treated with the PD-L1 inhibitor atezolizumab.