P2RY2 and epilepsy: Further proof of P2YR upregulation in the hippocampus during epilepsy is provided in an investigation carried out by Sukigara et al. where the authors found increased levels of P2Y1R, P2Y2R and P2Y4R in hippocampal tissue from patients with intractable epilepsy associated with focal cortical dysplasia, with the main increase in astrocytes (Sukigara et al. 2014).