TFF3 and ischemia: TFF3,TFF3 homodimer, and TFF37-54 all reducedapoptosis of SH-SY5Y, a human neuroblastoma cell line (Figures 3 and 4), aligning well with reported antiapoptotic activity, includingcerebral ischemia.22,33,72,73 These antiapoptotic effects support TFF3’s(neuro)protective role,1,33,72,73 as well as its association as a tumor growthpromoter in different cancers.8,74,75 TFF3 and its homodimer did not display any cytotoxic or hemolyticeffects, an important aspect for future therapeutic development ofTFF3.