SPP1 and respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: In relation to the remaining immune factors, increased IL8 and sTNF.R1 levels, and decreased osteopontin levels, have also been reported in nasal samples from infants with RSV bronchiolitis (Noah et al., 2002; Sampayo-Escobar et al., 2018; Breindahl et al., 2012).