C9orf72 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: More interestingly, it has been shown that changes in phosphorylation of synaptic neurofilament light chain (NfL) are associated with calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activation during modulation of LTP (Hashimoto et al., 2000), which it is altered in C9orf72-ALS (Ho et al., 2020).