Indirect effects of regular exercise on the risk of any CMD were observed via body composition-related markers (lean body mass, muscle mass, cell mass, protein mass, and mineral mass), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and red blood cell count in men and via obesity-related markers (waist circumference), pulse, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, hematocrit, and platelet count in women (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene ALB and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.