TGFB1 and glaucoma: Furthermore, although TGF-β1 has been implicated in glaucoma through genetic analysis, and has been presumed to play a role in pathological IOP elevation through fibrotic regulation of TM and ECM remodeling [31, 32], it has been speculated that the high IOP itself might induce the expression of activated TGF-β1 in TM cells.