APOB and peripheral arterial disease: Indeed, clinical observations have suggested that type III hyperlipoproteinemia (familial dysbetalipoproteinemia), a disorder specifically associated with VLDL remnant particles, may be a greater risk factor for PAD than for CAD.37 In our genetic analyses of ApoB-containing lipoprotein subfractions using MR-BMA, XS.VLDL.P was the primary ApoB-containing subfraction contributing to PAD risk.