ERS is commonly believed to affect natural killer (NK) cell-dependent tumor recognition (Obiedat et al., 2019), and NK cells are mainly regulated and recruited by IRE1α–XBP1 signaling (Dong et al., 2019) and mediate bladder cancer cell differentiation or death (Ramakrishnan et al., 2019). Here, ERN1 is linked to urinary bladder cancer.