LCN2 and Encephalopathy: Studies in Lcn2 knockout mice have shown that neurodegenerative phenotypes, including gliosis in diabetic neuropathy (Bhusal et al., 2020) and encephalopathy (Bhusal et al., 2019), intracerebral hemorrhage (Ni et al., 2015; Mao et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2021), cerebral ischemia (Jin et al., 2014; Kim et al., 2017; Zhao et al., 2019), spinal cord injury (Rathore et al., 2011), and optic neuritis (Chun et al., 2015), are attenuated in Lcn2 knockouts.