ICAM1 and Sepsis: In parallel, we analyzed soluble ICAM-1 level in sera to investigate the degree of endothelial cell activation at the early stage of sepsis (Skibsted et al., 2013), and the concentration was significantly augmented in sepsis [519 (397–1,142) vs. 174 (141–229) ng/mL; P < 0.0001] (Figure 1C).