PDE7A and neurodegenerative disease: Administration of inhibitor of PDE7 (e.g., S14, or 3-phenyl-2,4-dithioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazoline) can protect neurons against adverse chemical-induced or inflammatory-induced cell death, promote NSCs generation, migration, and differentiation, ameliorate neuron system damage, improved learning and behavioral outcome of animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, including stroke, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD; Morales-Garcia et al., 2011, 2017; Redondo et al., 2012; Perez-Gonzalez et al., 2013; Liu et al., 2015).