ADA and acute kidney injury: In addition, the pleural fluid ADA level was markedly higher among those with tuberculous pleurisy than those with other causes (IU/L, median [IQR]: tuberculous pleurisy, 71.4 [47.1–107.1]; malignant PE, 24.7 [15.9–34.3]; parapneumonic effusion, 27.0 [17.7–38.0]; heart failure, liver cirrhosis, or renal failure, 14.5 [9.4–19.3]).