MACF1 and osteoporosis: In this study, MACF1 overexpression plasmid was injected into medullary cavity of mice femur by the same technique, and the treatment had successfully inhibited HES1 level and enhanced ageing mice bone formation (Figures 5, 6), which firstly proved plasmids could be adopted in periosteal injection rescue, and also suggested that overexpression of MACF1 would be a potential therapeutic strategy for ageing‐related osteoporosis.