To elucidate whether TGF-β/smad pathway is involved in the Prrx1-mediated stemness and angiogenesis in gliomas, we performed rescue experiments using TGF-β1 siRNA and SRI-011381, a TGF-β/smad signaling agonist, in NSTCs and GSCs. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and central nervous system cancer.