In previous studies, similar contradictory results were reported in the animal model of peripheral nerve diseases and injuries: IL-1β could enhance PNR by promoting Schwann cells de-differentiation in WD [23], and IL-1R antagonist can impede PNR [41]; contrarily, IL-1β signaling blockade can protect peripheral nerves from axonal loss and cell death in a mouse model of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy [42]. Here, IL1R1 is linked to Wilson disease.