HADHA and malnutrition: Excessive urinary excretion of 3-hydroxytetradecanedioic acid was also reported in a child with a genetic defect in mitochondrial enzyme, long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A (CoA) dehydrogenase (LCHAD) [44], in children with persistent wheeze/asthma [45] and in patients treated with the drug hopantenate, where 3-hydroxytetradecanedioic acid was indicative of an acute intoxication response associated with the treatment during prolonged fasting or malnutrition [46].