CTLA4 and atherosclerosis: Moreover, beyond anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies, different ICIs are currently under clinical investigation, including antibodies directed against checkpoints that may have a role in regulating the atherosclerosis process and maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis, such as the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain (TIM) proteins, T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT), and OX40 (23, 30).