Anakinra, a recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist that inhibits the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α and IL-1β, and is FDA-approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, has been used to treat MIS-C refractory to IVIG and glucocorticoids, in patients with MIS-C and macrophage activation syndrome, and in patients with contraindications to long-term glucocorticoid treatment (137). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is COVID-19–associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.