NFKB1 and ischemia: Guo et al. (2012) demonstrates that Paeoniflorin produces a delayed protection in the ischemia-injured rats via inhibiting MAPKs/NF-κB mediated peripheral and cerebral inflammatory response. We found that ischemia-induced activation of JNK signaling was repressed by Paeoniflorin administration. It is well-known that JNK could activate NF-κB signaling to aggravate the progression of inflammatory response (Pan et al., 2013; Zheng et al., 2020). These data suggest that Paeoniflorin regulate these inflammatory cytokine by suppressing JNK- NF-κB signaling pathway in rat stroke model.